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Principles for Dealing with the Changing World Order by Ray Dalio

Principles by Ray Dalio10 HN recommenders · recommended in 11 months, 2022–2025
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explainer · general · evergreen · 2022–2025 on HN

An animated 44-minute summary of Ray Dalio's book Principles for Dealing with the Changing World Order. It lays out the Big Cycle of rising and declining nations, covering debt cycles, internal conflict, and shifts in global power over the past 500 years.

HN commenters recommend it as a clear framework for placing the current US and world situation within historical debt and empire cycles.

12 comments from Hacker News

@hayst4ck2024-02 · in “U.S. Strikes Iran-Backed Groups in Syria and Iraq”

Ray Dalio has weighed on exactly your question. This is a 45 minute video that directly answers exactly your question, that is very much worth a watch: ▶ this video The extremely quick version is that wars happen when am empire is in decline, not when they have collapsed, so we are still salvageable, but only if we get a handle on income inequality. He would say that Pax Americana has not collapsed yet, but that it is definitely in the process of collapsing. He asserts that the main identifier of empire decline is income inequality which is fueled heavily by inflation which was enabled by the abandoning of the gold standard (Have you seen that WTF happened in 1971 meme? Abandoning the gold standard is what happened. link ). When the rich get richer because they are the main winners of inflation, they start gutting institutions that can threaten their entrenched power (such as infrastructure, R&D, and most importantly education -- "we don't want people who can critically think, we want people who know how to perform a task" -- there's a move from liberal to technical education) which results in less innovation and therefore waning military strength and adaptability. As a militaries strength falters, the use of the American petrodollar for trade becomes less appealing, which would ultimately stop you from living beyond your means by powering yourself with debt/inflation. As soon as quality of life drops, civil war/revolution/civil unrest becomes much more likely, leading to inabil

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@short_throw2023-07 · in “Uh, guys, we should think about spending more on defense in the US”

If you aren't familiar with Ray Dalio's Principles for a Changing World Order, I can't recommend it enough (both the book and the YouTube video). You'll understand a lot better where the U.S. is in it's history and why so much is the way it is. ▶ this video

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@chubot2023-01 · in “Ask HN: Why Is Everything Declining?”

Assuming you live in the US like I do, definitely watch this video and read Dalio's book (I bought 2 copies) Principles for Dealing with the Changing World Order by Ray Dalio (2022) ▶ this video Basically we're on the downward part of the cycle of wealth. That has NOT happened in our lifetimes, but it's happened many times before to other countries (Netherlands, Britain, China). Some things go in 150 or 250 year cycles and they're hard to see. Basically the idea is that in the long term, countries need to actually produce wealth in accordance to how much money they print. HOWEVER, the problem is that you can actually get away with NOT doing so for 50+ years -- the span of more than one generation. Particularly if you have the reserve currency of the world, as the US currently does. Dalio links a lot of our ills to Nixon's untethering of the dollar in the early 1970's. That reminds me of a good tweet -- What if your entire personality depends on low interest rates ? The idea there is that the habits and culture we've grown up with have been enforced by this distortion of wealth. --- To create wealth as a country, you need education, rule of law, cooperation, trust, etc. There has to be real output, and people have to push in the same direction. But if you can just print money instead of doing the work of those things, then why bother getting educated? Why not just rip people off? Why not rip off the government? They're just printing it anyway. So the social order is hugely affected

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@chubot2022-05 · in “No, America is not collapsing”

I tend to ignore the "endless screeching", and I've long had an optimistic world view somewhat aligned with say Steven Pinker -- we're living through the best times, roughly monotonic progress, with some temporary setbacks. But this recent video by Ray Dalio made me think a lot, and led me to his books: ▶ this video Principles for Dealing with the Changing World Order He did a bunch of quantitative research and came up with a model for the prosperity of countries, and "the world order". In the model, there were 4 world leaders at various points: Dutch, British, Americans, and Chinese. The basic pattern is that they were productive and industrious, gained military power, and grew to hold the world's reserve concurrency. After they hold the world's reserve concurrency, they stop being as productive. The rich parents can bend the rules and corrupt society for their kids. And there is more internal conflict about how to divvy up a fixed or declining pie. There can be more external conflict once rivals see weakness. In Dalio's view, China is obviously on the rise economically, and you also see signs of their increased military power. There is more to it than that -- see the video and books, but that's my short summary. ----- It sounds a little too "clean", but after some reflection, a lot of it is hard to argue with. (I'd definitely be interested in criticisms -- this presentation / framing is pretty new.) This doesn't mean America is "collapsing". But I would now say it's clearly "dec

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@muzani2025-04 · in “Ask HN: Could tariffs be used as a reverse pump and dump?”

I always recommend Ray Dalio's video on how economics: ▶ this video The tariffs and heck, electing a man like Trump, is a response to the existing situation. 1. Debt is very high and increasing at an unsustainable rate. Rather than default on debts, empires always print more money. 2. Competitiveness has gone down. In times of comfort, work ethic goes down too and a culture emerges where the working class is looked down on. 3. Economic disparity results in political polarity between the left and the right. This leads to revolutions. American revolutions tend to be fairly peaceful, but many are violent. 4. Technological advances allows for a shift in the order. New contenders have the conditions to make good use of them, which allows them to outpace the global leader. 5. Wars increase in a desperate move to hold on to power without having an economic lead. This leads to overextension and further collapse. The tariffs are primarily a response to debt and competitiveness. Trump's election and everyone's distrust for him stems from political polarity. Many of his recent surprising actions are in preparation for a war. The tariffs are an attempted cure to an existing problem. But like many cures, it buys time until the inevitable happens. It's not making the US more competitive. It might not cure the economic disparity. So what you see is three things coming together: 1) admission that the US debt may not be manageable, 2) worrying long term outlook, 3) Trump's lack of diplomacy making

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